Bar and Rod
Plate and Sheet
Strip
Pipe and Tube
Wire
Welding
Powder Material
Cast Products
Forged Products
Fittings
Fastening
Round Bar:
φ2–500 mm, 1–6 m length
Flat/Square Bar:
4–100 mm thickness/width
Hex Bar:
A/F 3–100 mm
Hollow Bar:
OD 20–300 mm
Sheet:
0.3–6 mm thickness
Medium Plate:
6–25 mm thickness
Heavy Plate:
25–100 mm thickness
Standard Strip:
0.05–3 mm thick,
10–600 mm wide
Precision strip:
0.01–0.5 mm thick,
tight tolerance ±0.005 mm
Foil:
0.005–0.1 mm thick
Seamless Tube:
OD 6–450 mm,
WT 1–50 mm,
1–12 m length
Welded Tube:
OD 10–600 mm,
WT 1–20 mm
Capillary Tube:
OD 1–10 mm,
WT 0.1–2 mm
Wire Form:
Cold Drawn Wire,
Bright Wire,
Spring Wire,
Fine Wire,
Ultra-fine Wire
General Diameter:
φ0.1–10 mm
Coil Weight:
50–500 kg,
customizable tolerance
Solid Wire:
φ0.8–4.0 mm
Flux-cored Wire:
φ1.2–4.0 mm
Welding Rod:
φ2.0–5.0 mm
Powder Form:
AM 3D Printing Powder,
Spherical Powder,
Gas-atomized Powder,
Water-atomized Powder
Particle Size:
10–150 μm
Sphericity:
≥90% for AM grade
Cast Ingot:
φ200–800 mm
Precision Casting:
min wall 0.5 mm
Cast Pipe:
OD 100–600 mm,
WT 10–50 mm
Forged Bar:
Φ35–500 mm
Forged Ring:
OD 200–2000 mm
Forging Weight:
1–5000 kg
Fittings Form:
Elbow, Tee, Reducer, Flange, Cap, Outlet, Lap Joint
Size range:
1/2''–24'' (DN15–DN600)
Wall thickness:
Sch10–Sch160, STD, XS, XXS
Pressure Class:
150–2500 LB
Fastening Form:
Bolt, Nut, Screw, Stud, Washer, Pin, Rivet
Metric: M3–M64
Imperial: #4–2.5''
Length: 6–500 mm
Custom 465 is a titanium-bearing martensitic age-hardenable (precipitation-hardening) stainless steel, premium double-vacuum-melted (VIM + VAR). This datasheet presents the material within the American (ASTM / ASME / AMS / UNS) standard system.
With about 12% chromium, 11% nickel, 1% molybdenum and 1.6% titanium and very low carbon, Custom 465 develops ultra-high strength through precipitation of a nickel-titanium (Ni₃Ti) phase, reaching an ultimate tensile strength above 1724 MPa (250 ksi) in the H950 condition — and approaching 2070 MPa (300 ksi) when cold-worked and aged in small sections — while retaining excellent fracture toughness and corrosion resistance approaching that of type 304. It is supplied solution-annealed for good machinability and forming, then strengthened by a single ageing treatment. It can replace plated high-strength steels such as 300M and AISI 4340, and offers higher strength than 15-5PH, 17-4PH and 13-8Mo.
Typical applications include aerospace structural and landing-gear components, surgical and dental instruments, medical needle wire, and high-strength corrosion-resistant hardware.
Typical values, H1000 condition.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.81 | g/cm³ |
| Melting range | 1400–1440 | °C |
| Elastic modulus | 200 | GPa |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (20–100 °C) | 10.6 | µm/m·°C |
| Thermal conductivity (20 °C) | 14.5 | W/m·K |
| Specific heat (20 °C) | 460 | J/kg·K |
| Structure | Martensitic (precipitation-hardening) | — |
| Element | Symbol | Min % | Max % | Role in Alloy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | Fe | Balance | — | Base element |
| Chromium | Cr | 11.0 | 12.5 | Corrosion resistance; martensite former |
| Nickel | Ni | 10.75 | 11.25 | Toughness; Ni₃Ti precipitation |
| Molybdenum | Mo | 0.75 | 1.25 | Strength; pitting resistance |
| Titanium | Ti | 1.50 | 1.80 | Primary precipitation-hardening phase (Ni₃Ti) |
| Manganese | Mn | — | 0.25 | Low (toughness) |
| Silicon | Si | — | 0.25 | Low (toughness) |
| Carbon | C | — | 0.020 | Very low (toughness) |
| Phosphorus | P | — | 0.015 | Very low (toughness) |
| Sulphur | S | — | 0.010 | Very low (toughness) |
Typical values by ageing (H) condition, per ASTM A564 / AMS 5936 for UNS S46500.
| Condition | Tensile strength | 0.2% Yield | Hardness |
|---|---|---|---|
| H900 | ≥1790 MPa (260 ksi) | ≥1690 MPa (245 ksi) | ~51 HRC |
| H950 | ≥1724 MPa (250 ksi) | ≥1620 MPa (235 ksi) | ~50 HRC |
| H1000 | ≥1620 MPa (235 ksi) | ≥1515 MPa (220 ksi) | ~47 HRC |
| Cold-worked + aged (small section) | up to ~2070 MPa (300 ksi) | — | — |
Confirm against the mill test report. H1000 gives the best combination of toughness and stress-corrosion-cracking resistance.
| Environment | Performance | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Atmospheric / general | Good | Approaches type 304 |
| Mild acids | Moderate | At low concentrations |
| Chloride pitting | Moderate | Molybdenum addition aids resistance |
| Stress-corrosion cracking | Very Good | Best in the H1000 condition |
| Seawater | Limited | Not recommended for prolonged exposure |
General corrosion resistance approaches that of type 304 — markedly better than the low-chromium high-strength steels (300M, 4340) it can replace.
A martensitic precipitation-hardening alloy; supplied solution-annealed and hardened by a single low-temperature ageing treatment.
Solution Treatment Approximately 980 °C, hold, then cool (optionally with a sub-zero/cryogenic step to complete transformation) to form a soft martensitic structure suitable for machining and forming.
Precipitation Hardening (Ageing) A single ageing treatment precipitates Ni₃Ti: H900 (~482 °C) gives maximum strength; H950 gives ~250 ksi UTS; H1000 gives the best toughness and SCC resistance; H1050/H1100 give lower strength with higher ductility. Cold work prior to ageing further raises strength. Air cool after ageing.
Weldable, best in the solution-annealed condition; matching filler is used. Perform post-weld ageing to restore strength; avoid welding in the aged condition (cracking risk).
| Welding Process | Applicability | Filler / Consumable |
|---|---|---|
| GTAW / TIG | Good | Matching Custom 465-type filler |
| GMAW / MIG | Good | Matching filler |
| EBW / laser | Good | Autogenous or matching filler |
Weld in the solution-annealed condition; re-age after welding to restore strength.
Machining Guidelines
| Parameter | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Preferred condition | Solution-annealed (good machinability and formability) |
| Tooling | Carbide tooling; rigid setup |
| Coolant | Ample flood coolant |
Forming Processes
| Process | Notes |
|---|---|
| Cold forming | Performed in the solution-annealed condition |
| Hot forming | ~1150–950 °C; solution treat + age afterward |
| Industry | Typical Components | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Aerospace | Landing gear, structural fittings, actuators | Ultra-high strength + fracture toughness |
| Medical | Surgical and dental instruments, needle wire | High strength + corrosion resistance |
| Automotive / motorsport | High-strength shafts, fasteners | Strength-to-weight |
| Defence | High-strength structural components | Strength + corrosion resistance |
| Product Form | ASTM Standard | ASME / AMS |
|---|---|---|
| Bar, wire and forgings | ASTM A564 | ASME SA-564 / AMS 5936 |
| Plate, sheet and strip | ASTM A693 | — |
| Surgical instrument stock | ASTM F899 | — |
| Design data | MMPDS | — |
Titanium-bearing martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel. UNS S46500.
| Grade | Cr % | Ni % | Mo % | Other | Best Used For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Custom 465 | 11–12.5 | 10.75–11.25 | 0.75–1.25 | Ti | Ultra-high-strength PH (>250 ksi); aerospace, medical |
| Custom 455 | 11–12.5 | 7.5–9.5 | — | Cu, Ti, Nb | Ultra-high-strength PH; fabricable |
| 13-8 Mo | 12.25–13.25 | 7.5–8.5 | 2.0–2.5 | Al | Highest-toughness PH; aerospace |
| 15-5PH | 14–15.5 | 3.5–5.5 | — | Cu, Nb | High-strength PH; transverse toughness |
| 17-4PH | 15–17.5 | 3–5 | — | Cu, Nb | General-purpose martensitic PH |
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